• Interview | Seoul and Edinburgh-based Artist Dakyo Oh

    Interview | Seoul and Edinburgh-based Artist Dakyo Oh

    Dakyo Oh is an artist based in Seoul and Edinburgh who explores the relationship between nature and human existence through the primordial medium of soil. Her practice began with an interest in the cosmic depth and energy she perceived in the soil of a small flowerpot while tending to plants.

    For Oh, soil is more than just a material; it is the foundation of a cycle where all life originates and returns, as well as a condensation of accumulated time. By layering and scraping materials such as soil, sand, and mineral pigments onto the canvas, she captures the rhythm of nature as it forms and dissolves shapes over time. Vivid scenes sensed in daily life, such as the traces of waves or the reflection of a forest on damp ground, are translated into a visual language that is both tactile and serene through the texture of earth. Recently, she has been observing the shifts in nature amidst climate change, delicately recording the finite beauty of life as it transforms and fades through the temporality and locality of soil. Through this process, Oh invites us to recover the natural senses we have lost and opens a window through which we can breathe with the world.

    Oh received her BA in Plastic Arts from Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and her MFA in Oriental Painting from Seoul National University. Her major exhibitions include the solo shows Earthlike (Carin Gallery, 2024), Undine (Seojung Art, 2023), and am is are (Pipe Gallery, 2022). She has also participated in numerous group exhibitions, including Even on the Day the Waiting Ends (Gyeonggi Museum of Modern Art, 2025), and A Sonnet for the Earth (Seongnam Cube Art Museum, 2024).

    Five abstract paintings displayed on a gallery wall, featuring various textures and colors including browns, greens, and neutrals.
    Love all dying things II – VI, 2024, Soil, sand and pigment on hemp cloth, 194 x 131 cm (each), Courtesy of Seongnam Cube Art Museum

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    Looking back at my childhood, I remember myself spending hours alone in a quiet room with a view of the mountains. Whether I was playing the piano or painting, immersing myself in those emotions felt less like loneliness and more like an exciting journey. A particularly special encounter with art happened during elementary school, when my homeroom teacher, a master of intangible cultural heritage, taught us the Four Gracious Plants (Sagunja) every morning.

    Around that time, I began to feel a deep sense of wonder at the fact that while I could see everyone else’s face, I could never directly see my own. This visual limitation of not being able to essentially face myself led to an exploration of the roots of existence. It brought me face-to-face with fundamental questions about memories before birth and the boundary between life and death. I have lived with a constant inquiry into where I came from, where I am going, and the very nature of being.

    While studying art history and philosophy in college, I realized that these ontological explorations from my childhood, once dismissed as mere eccentricities, were actually the source of inspiration in the world of art. I became convinced that the act of questioning and this inherent disposition would serve as the foundation to sustain and expand my path as an artist, which has allowed me to continue my work to this day.

    An art gallery showcasing three artworks. The left artwork is a plain brown piece, while the right displays two textured paintings with dark and vibrant colors. The gallery features high ceilings and modern lighting.
    Even on the day when waiting ends, 2025, Installation view at Gyeonggji Museum of Modern Art, Ansan, Photo by Bak Hyongryol, Courtesy of GMoMA

    What inspired you to use earth as a material for thinking about life, time, and return?

    Gardening is one of my hobbies, so I’ve always had many pots on my desk. One day, while repotting, I looked down into a pot filled only with soil, without a plant. The color and texture of the earth, which I had usually regarded as mere dust, felt exceptionally deep. I was struck by a sense of wonder at the invisible power of the earth that nurtures countless forms of life.

    This thought connected with the biblical passage that humans were made of dust, leading me to see earth in a new light as the material of the Creator. I was more interested in the earth that contains a living spirit rather than the earth itself. Just as plants and animals return to the ground when life fades, I believe earth is a material with deep layers that embrace the beginning and end of all existence. Seeing how the earth silently accepts even the ugliness of the world, I felt a sense of anticipation for what unexpected things this material would produce. To me, earth is like a vessel for life. I began my work because I wanted to capture the invisible traces of the soul through this medium.

    An abstract artwork featuring a textured surface with shades of green, black, and hints of brown, creating a layered, organic pattern.
    Reflective I, 2023, Sand, charcoal and pigment on hemp cloth, 194 x 131 cm, Courtesy of Artist

    You often work with sand, mineral pigments, charcoal, and other natural substances—how does your process unfold from beginning to end?

    The work begins with sourcing soil from a specific region. I sift coarse soil by hand to prepare it evenly. Then I secure hemp cloth or linen onto a sturdy canvas or wooden panel as a support. For mixing materials, I use agyo, which is a traditional medium in East Asian painting. This natural adhesive extracted from animal bones firmly bonds the earth or pigments to the surface. I melt the glue on the prepared support and apply a thin mixture of soil, sand, charcoal, and pigments. Sometimes I scratch the surface with nails or spatulas, building up layers through this repeated process of painting and scratching.

    Art gallery interior featuring various abstract paintings on the walls, with a focus on one large green artwork prominently displayed.
    Installation view at Eoul Art Center, 2025, Daegu, Courtesy of Eoul Art Center

    In your recent works, you respond to changes in nature shaped by climate conditions. How have these transformations influenced your perspective as an artist?

    Actually, I did not start working on themes related to the climate crisis from the beginning. I simply loved nature and expressed the meaning and naturalness of natural materials, but receiving an exhibition proposal from a museum became a turning point. My work on nature naturally aligned with the discourse on the climate crisis, and this prompted me to contemplate the topic more deeply.

    However, as an artist standing before this huge theme, I honestly felt a great sense of helplessness. I wondered what impact my work could have when everyone already knows about the crisis, and I worried about creating more waste. During that time, I happened to reread the poems of Yun Dong-ju, whom I have always admired. His heart, feeling ashamed of poems written easily during the tragic colonial era and vowing to embrace all dying things, resonated deeply with the small light within my helplessness. I felt that his sincere sensitivity reaching us today provides as much resonance as a struggle, even if it was not a direct visible action. Based on the inspiration from the poet’s attitude, I started the work titled Love All Dying Things, which became my own perspective on the climate crisis.

    I consider recording the unique appearance of this era amidst a rapidly changing nature as a small mission, much like the poet writing his verses with a humble heart. With the thought that the nature we face now might be the last, I am archiving with a heart that treasures every moment in the face of an uncertain future.

    Close-up view of a textured, weathered wall with green and grayish tones, showing patterns and subtle irregularities.
    Detail of Framed, 2025, Soil, sand and pigment on hemp cloth, frame, 196 x 99 cm, Courtesy of Eoul Art Center

    What do you hope people take away from your art when they experience it?

    Since the experiences of viewers are infinite, I do not want to set a fixed answer. However, speaking from my experience, I learned a perspective to look at humans and nature more beautifully through the works of artists like Claude Monet, Agnes Martin, Rinko Kawauchi, and Rei Naito. Just as they opened a new window to the world for me, I hope my work serves as an opportunity for viewers to awaken a deep sensitivity in their lives. It would be my greatest fulfillment as an artist if I could open a perspective to face nature not just as a matter but as an intimacy with vitality beyond it.

    A large abstract brown painting displayed on a white wall in an art gallery.
    Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 2025, Earth from Gyeonggi-do on wooden panel, 181 x 227 cm, Photo by Bak Hyongryol. Courtesy of GMoMA, This work is commissioned by Gyeonggi Museum of Modern Art in 2025

    What projects are you currently working on, and what can we expect from you in the future?

    Moving my base to the UK recently has had a great impact on my work. The nature I encounter here has a very different palette from Korea. Compared to Korea’s nature with distinct seasons and high saturation, this place has frequent rain and gradual weather changes, so plants have low saturation and deep earthy tones. That is why I am focusing on the original color of the soil rather than adding pigments these days. I am capturing the seasons of this place by borrowing the diverse raw colors of the soil itself.

    At the same time, I am deeply considering ways to minimize carbon emissions in my creative process. While my work does not place a heavy burden on the environment, I still felt a lingering discomfort even when crafting wooden canvases. Based on these reflections, I am researching production methods that are carbon-neutral, such as recycling waste paper. I am striving to ensure that the act of documenting nature does not end up harming it.

    Text and photo courtesy of Dakyo Oh

    A woman sitting by a large window with an abstract painting on the sill, surrounded by minimalist decor and natural light.

    Website: https://www.dakyooh.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dakyo.oh/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Sooyeon Hong

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Sooyeon Hong

    Born in Seoul, Sooyeon Hong earned both her B.F.A. and M.F.A. from the Department of Painting at Hongik University, and later pursued further graduate studies at Pratt Institute in New York. After establishing her career in New York, she relocated to Seoul in the aftermath of September 11 and has since maintained a prolific practice based in Korea.

    Since her first solo exhibition in 1992, Hong has presented numerous solo exhibitions at prestigious venues, including the POSCO Art Museum, Kumho Museum of Art, Total Museum, and Space So. Among these, the large-scale exhibition Drawn Elephant: Abstraction抽象 (2022) at the Coreana Museum of Art (space*c) marked a significant expansion in her practice. Taking place after more than thirty years of artistic activity, the exhibition introduced a series of new artistic approaches that further broadened and deepened the trajectory of her work. This momentum continued with Anamnesis at Indipress Gallery in 2024, followed by the 2025 solo exhibitions In the Flow at Gallery Kiwa in London and Long Beginning at Horanggasynamu Art Polygon.

    Hong has also participated in major group exhibitions at renowned institutions, including The Second Skin at ONE AND J. Gallery, Sporadic Positioning at Arario Gallery, Gefäße at Stiftung Zollverein (Germany), Korean Eye at Saatchi Gallery (London), Small Is Beautiful at Flowers Gallery (New York), MoA-picks: reminiscing the medium-a ‘post-’syndrome at SNU MoA, Korean Modernism at Kumho Museum of Art, and Sense & Sensibility at Busan Museum of Art.

    Her dedication has been further recognized through residencies at the MMCA Changdong Residency and Opekta Studios in Cologne, Germany. Following grants from the Seoul Foundation for Arts and Culture in 2022 and 2024, Hong was designated an ARKO Selection artist by the Arts Council Korea (ARKO) for the period 2024–2026, receiving intensive multi-year support. Her works are held in the collections of major public museums and institutions.

    Driven by a commitment to resisting the inertia of self-replication of her past works, the artist continuously challenges established boundaries to move forward, attempting to widen her perspective on Mother Nature— if not the general physics of the world we live in. The foundation of her practice lies in an energy that prioritizes evolution over mere change, and productive tension over comfort. In every moment, she seeks to redefine her own chronology in its most raw and unadulterated form, maintaining the essence of the prototype of her artistic journey.

    Installation view at BK gallery, 2013, Courtesy of the Artist / Photo by Ki-yong Nam

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    Born in Seoul, I grew up in an environment where painting was a constant presence, largely influenced by my mother, who specialized in Korean traditional painting. Naturally immersed in materials like ink, water, hanji, and mineral pigments from a young age, art became an organic part of my life. At one point, I was so captivated by the beauty of movement that I even considered majoring in dance. I believe the instinctive sense of rhythm and balance I developed then became ingrained within me, serving as a sensory tool to tune the subtle equilibrium of energy on my canvases today.

    In fact, physicality is as much an essence of painting as the materials themselves. I primarily work with large canvases laid flat on the floor. In this process, which requires precisely controlling the flow of paint while enduring long hours of physical labor, my bodily constraints—such as the bend of my waist or the reach of my arms—naturally dictate the composition. For me, equilibrium is not an abstract concept; it is the tangible result of the physical trajectories and time my body has endured on the canvas.

    After graduate school, I began my career as a full-time artist in New York. While striving to establish myself there, I was selected as a first-generation resident artist for the MMCA Changdong Residency. However, on the cusp of my return to Korea, I witnessed the tragedy of the 9/11 attacks in 2001, which deepened my existential anxieties. I returned home carrying the lingering shadows of that overwhelming despair.

    While refining those memories back in Korea, I found myself confronting a raw, dormant sensation from my childhood—the memory of being swept away by a massive wave, standing on the threshold between life and death. I still vividly recall the desperate, instinctive movement—the locomotion—toward life at that brink, and the paradoxical stillness that followed the chaos.

    As someone naturally sensitive to physical sensations, those intense movements at the edge of life and death became the core rhythm and breath of my artistic world. To be honest, it was not easy to speak of such a deeply private and surreal experience. I kept it buried within me for a long time, fearing that this personal narrative might overshadow the essence of my work. However, I have finally broken my silence because I realize that these sensations are an undeniable root of my life. I feel it is time to clearly face and articulate the true origin of the core rhythm that resonates through my work.

    Dazzlingly 02. 21, 2021, Acrylic on canvas, 205 x 162 cm, Courtesy of the Artist and Gallery KIWA, Seoul, London

    How do you stay inspired and motivated to create new work?

    As I mentioned earlier, my work is an attempt to visually ignite those fleeting moments summoned not as mere visual images, but as visceral responses of sensory cells that transcend time and space. The process of reinterpreting and varying these summoned sensations is the most fundamental motivation of my work, providing the core momentum that imbues my art with its unique tension and originality.

    Given the nature of my practice, which involves leading a single series over a long period, I focus on exploring inner routes rather than relying on fleeting inspirations. Even when a project begins with a personal narrative, I strive to record and experiment with the events and interests surrounding me so that I do not become confined within my own story. I am always on guard against mannerism, maintaining an attitude of exploring unknown territories as if following a map into uncharted artistic realms.

    A representative example of this is my 2022 exhibition, Drawn Elephant: Abstract, which marked a significant shift in my working style. This began with an unexpected investigation into a language I had taken for granted for decades. When I realized that the ‘Sang’ in the East Asian term for abstraction (抽象, Chusang) uses the character for ‘Elephant’ () rather than ‘Image’ (), it came as a fresh shock—a mix of intellectual debt and discovery.

    While the English word ‘Abstract’ etymologically means ‘to draw from’ in Latin, I felt a strong artistic urge to provide my own pictorial answer as to why Eastern scholars borrowed the metaphor of an ‘elephant’ when translating this concept. For me, inspiration is a process of retracing inner sensations while simultaneously deconstructing and reconstructing concepts taken for granted. This intellectual inquiry is the most powerful force that allows me to sustain my artistic world without exhaustion.

    Installation view at Gallery Kiwa, 2025, London, Courtesy of the Artist and Gallery KIWA, Seoul, London

    What are the main themes or concepts you explore in your work?

    It is often said that a human being is a microcosm of the universe. I, too, came to exist in this space-time through the ‘Big Bang’ of birth, and the countless people and situations I have encountered along the way have remained within me as memories and relationships of varying intensities. While the longest-feeling minute is the one that just passed, and the clearest scenery is the object right before our eyes, I approach my work with the belief that something transcending these mundane truths exists within the human subconscious.

    Based on this ontological belief, I delve into existential themes such as birth and death, focusing on expanding the horizons of abstraction. For me, visual art—regardless of whether it is two-dimensional or three-dimensional—is a process of extracting images latent within the artist’s life and subconscious through selective memory. Just as ancient sages likened this to the ‘imagination of drawing out an elephant’ (Abstraction-抽象), I strive to capture invisible flows through the trajectories on my canvas.

    I focus particularly on the tense balance of power and movement that exists beneath a state of stillness, moving beyond the imaginary concepts of ‘Time’ and ‘Space’ constructed for human convenience. Ironically, I have been interested in constructing a non-static surface through painting, and to achieve this, I have long employed a method of compressing time by accumulating multiple layers. Within the frame, dualistic extremes—black and white, light and shadow, existence and nothingness, static silence and explosive energy—contrast yet reveal subtle points of contact.

    I believe this tendency originates from the near-death experience of my childhood mentioned earlier. My work is rooted in that immersion into a silent world at the threshold of death, and the illusion of movement I felt within that frozen moment. In this ‘Silent Zone,’ where physical trauma and existential realization intersect, I create my own visual depth where I can sink infinitely, disconnected from the everyday world.

    Recently, I have been moving beyond the constraints of controlling the subconscious, immersing myself deeper into the hidden dimensions of the fundamental world. Since 2022, I have been conducting emotional experiments to decompress the layers I once meticulously built up, returning to the essential ‘dot’ within empty space.

    This flow originates from my childhood memories of the wondrous afterimages created by light from a 35mm film projector as it passed through empty space. No longer confined to the static two-dimensional image, I am continuing an attempt to expand painterly energy into time and space through video works that reconstruct my paintings as source material. This is also a process of actively inviting “meaningful coincidences” (Synchronicity) by exposing fluid traces instead of fixed surfaces. Through this, I seek a new equilibrium where artistic evolution and existential experience coexist, coordinating the obsessive precision and control I have maintained for so long.

    Oxymoron 07. 19, 2019, Acrylic on canvas, 194 x 130 cm, Courtesy of the Artist and Gallery KIWA, Seoul, London
    Oxymoron 08. 19, 2019, Acrylic on canvas, 194 x 130 cm, Courtesy of the Artist and Gallery KIWA, Seoul, London
    Oxymoron 09. 19, 2019, Acrylic on canvas, 194 x 130 cm, Courtesy of the Artist and Gallery KIWA, Seoul, London

    Who or what are your biggest influences, both artistically and personally?

    The fundamental foundation of my life and work is the independent environment in which I was raised. Beyond the fortune of growing up in a harmonious family, my parents’ busy work schedules allowed me to early on internalize a free-spirited attitude of thinking, deciding, and taking responsibility for myself. Sustaining an artistic practice is a grueling journey requiring a continuous series of choices and repetitive discipline. I believe the strength that allows me to endure and continue this process flexibly stems from that independent temperament, engraved in me like a fingerprint.

    The familiar materiality of Korean traditional painting materials, which I encountered since childhood, naturally led to experiments with Automatism, dealing with traces of the subconscious. However, it was during my years in New York that I truly felt the practical context of these attempts. The overwhelming experience of time expanding before the works of Mark Rothko, and the shock of facing the peculiar chill radiating from Giorgio de Chirico’s paintings, remain vivid. Tracing the footsteps of these masters, I realized that my endeavors resided within the contexts of Abstract Expressionism and Surrealism, which became the fertile soil for building my own unique pictorial language.

    In particular, the work of Bill Viola I encountered in the 1990s in New York led me to experience a new kind of painterly elation, much like a painting realized through video; while Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey instilled in me a faith in the “flash of artistic power” that transcends logical explanation. Recently, I have been finding fresh inspiration in the spatio-temporal sensations evoked by architect Peter Zumthor’s exploration of the essential relationship between space and materials. These influences, despite the difference in media, align with the destination I seek to reach through my work: touching upon fundamental sensations to allow an experience of the world beyond the everyday.

    Synchronicity 01. 25, 2025, Acrylic on canvas, 205 x 146 cm, Courtesy of the Artist / Photo by ARTIFACTS

    What challenges have you faced as an artist, and how have you overcome them?

    Objectively speaking, the most challenging time for me was during my years in New York, struggling as a full-time artist. Looking back now, however, those years were not so much an ordeal to overcome as they were a precious experience gained through the lens of youth—a process of creating a solid foundation that allows me to sustain my life as an artist today.

    For me, the true challenge comes not from external circumstances, but from internal stagnation. The greatest moments of crisis arise when I face the realization that my work may be stalling, falling into mannerism, or repeating itself out of mere habit.

    Whenever I feel this sense of stagnation, I constantly question myself and intentionally seek out new conceptual dilemmas to stimulate my inner self. I deliberately step back from the canvas to expand my time for contemplation, utilizing that process of condensation as an essential journey for growth. I strive to perceive these difficulties not as obstacles to be defeated, but as a route to discovering and acquiring new artistic paths.

    Installation view at Horanggasinamu Glass Polygon, 2025, Courtesy of the Artist/ Photo by Nam Yoon Seok

    What do you hope people take away from your art when they experience it?

    I have no desire to impose any specific interpretation on the audience. Rather, I hope that the subtle movements contained within the state of Equilibrium on my canvas might serve as an occasion for someone to pause and begin their own contemplation. I wish for viewers to briefly set aside their everyday notions and immerse themselves entirely in essential sensations that defy verbal explanation at the moment they encounter the work. I would be happy if my work could resonate with the latent memories within each viewer, leading them on their own unique sensory journey.

    Text & photo courtesy of Sooyeoon Hong

    Website: http://sooyeonhong.com
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/artist_sooyeonhong/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Moon Mean

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Moon Mean

    Moon Mean (b.1999) is a Seoul-based painter, whose works reconstruct large and small events that happen to him and his surroundings using materials of his own making. He prepares solid and light atypical blanks by layering macerated Hanji and paints on them with turbid pigments he calls metallic tempera. Like the moon hanging over a smudged horizon, the silhouette of the ceiling in his room at night with unknown time, the ripples in the river as someone else would have seen, scenes with no name or owner are slowly transformed by the artist’s hand into uneven images.

    For him, reality is an opaque mass of too many superimpositions to grasp clearly. Fragments of images stored in his phone or glimpsed on social media overlap and intermingle in a foggy field of faded light, transforming them into abstractions. Flowing on the edges of painting and sometimes borrowing from sculpture and installation, Moon’s work questions the gap between reality and fiction, truth and misunderstanding, seeing and being.

    Tomorrow no.6_Two steps back for one step forward, 2024, Black ink and metallic tempera on handmade paper, 178 x 90 x 20 cm, © Moon Mean

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    Honestly, I would say “by chance.” 

    Before I started my artistic career, I worked as a tattooist for about 5 years – this was the very first practice that led me to art. I entered university without much thought and was making works as class assignments. However, I gradually realized that what I was doing was more than just coursework. 

    I feel like I become genuinely myself when I’m working, and it is something that makes men feel alive more than anything else. Tattooing had also been one of the creative practices for me, but it had to involve “clients”, which became inherent constraints in my practice. Art-making, on the other hand, has been an affirmation to myself. It allowed me to work in a much freer and more self-directed way. 

    Though I’ve come this far by chance, looking back, the phrase “by chance” encapsulates the time I spent experiencing the difference between the two creative practices. Perhaps it was through that experience that I gained a clearer sense of direction and confidence in my path as an artist.

    Tomorrow no.5_So that my work does not become a meaningless struggle, 2024, Black ink and metallic tempera on handmade paper,178 x 90 x 15 cm, © Moon Mean

    Are there any particular mediums you prefer working with? Why?

    I’m drawn to the materiality and inherent logic of traditional mediums, such as painting and sculpture. These mediums, which rely on the involvement of the body, reveal the process of thinking through hand, and are therefore closely tied to the subjective experience of making—something I value deeply.

    My approach to these kind of mediums also connects with how people view the artwork. I prefer viewers to move freely through space and experience the work at their own pace, rather than following a fixed point of view, narrative, or a flow of plot. 

    In my current practice, I work primarily with painting, but often borrow the methods of sculpture and installation to create paintings with volume.
    Unlike conventional paintings, which presuppose a frontal point of view, my work allows observation from multiple, shifting perspectives—much like sculpture, where no single viewpoint dominates.

    For me, the practice of painting is not just about “painting”. It is a process through which thought unfolds and form takes shape. I move between the acts of painting and sculpting, allowing matter and image to exist on the same plane, coming together into a single, cohesive form. In this sense, I see myself not only as a painter but also as someone who treats images as one of those sculptural materials. This attitude toward the medium lies at the core of my work.

    Tomorrow no.8_(Im)Possible, I guess, 2025, Black ink and metallic tempera on handmade paper,138 x 210 x 30 cm, © Moon Mean

    How has your artistic style evolved over time?

    My first solo exhibition, Doesn’t matter though (2024), explored the tactile senses of skin using paper that I made by hand. The idea stemmed from my past experience within tattoo culture and my obsession with body images, and it was about a process of investigating the boundary between skin and surface.

    The series (2023–2024) on the show initially began with sculptural works that reassembled fragments of my own and others’ bodies. As I continued working, however, I was drawn to the inherent qualities of paper itself—its texture, relief, and absorbency—and began expanding its possibilities into a painterly context. In that sense, it was a chance for me to break free from self-imposed limitations, and at the same time was an opportunity to expand my artistic practice as a whole. 

    As I concluded the series following the exhibition, I found out that the wooden canvas I had made were warping during production. In addressing this issue, I naturally began questioning the very structure of the support—the frame of the painting itself—which led me to carve and construct the supports by hand.

    From there, my practice evolved toward what I now describe as the “standing shell.” These works explore ambiguous forms that exist as both painting and sculpture, both material and image—forms that stand upright on their own.

    Konckin’ On Heaven’s Door, 2024, Black ink and metallic tempera on handmade paper, 65 x 50 cm, © Moon Mean, Courtesy of the artist and ThisWeekendRoom, Seoul

    Can you describe a recent project or artwork that you are particularly proud of?

    I wouldn’t say it’s something I’m particularly proud of, but there is a series I’d like to introduce. It’s titled IMAGE HANDLING PRACTICE—as the name suggests, it’s a set of sketch-like studies that train my sensitivity in handling images.

    Looking back, form has played a significant role in my practice. At various turning points, formal concerns have shaped the work, and material exploration has often served as its foundation. For that reason, I’m always careful not to let my practice remain at the level of purely material or formal experimentation. 

    To prevent the Tomorrow series—which physically takes the form of a “shell”—from ending up as something that looks convincing yet hollow, I work on IMAGE HANDLING PRACTICE in parallel, as a way to refine my sense of image-making as a painter. This series serves as both a form of ongoing training and a process of self-correction, helping me to build toward stronger, more grounded works. Furthermore, the IMAGE HANDLING PRACTICE sketches are conceived as a flexible structure that can be re-incorporated into my main working system, serving as a material that oscillates between image and matter. 

    IMAGE HANDLING PRACTICE 11, 2025, Black ink and metallic tempera on handmade paper, 43 x 39 cm,© Moon Mean

    How do you stay inspired and motivated to create new work?

    I’m the kind of person who tends to have a lot on my mind, and perhaps because of that, I draw inspiration from a wide range of things. 

    Sometimes I find interesting points or a conceptual idea from a single sentence or a word, and at other times, inspiration comes from music—its melody, emotion, or lyrics. I also find new possibilities in small, fleeting moments of everyday life, and occasionally from scientific fields that seem far away from my work, such as relativity or string theory. At times, I start brainstorming from looking at certain social or cultural phenomena. 

    Although there are many different sources of inspiration, they ultimately end up on everyday life and human experience. Looking back, I think it all leads to a broader reflection on how I perceive and live within the world.

    More specifically within the realm of visual art, I construct what I call a motif pool—a collection of diverse visual information.

    It includes everything from scenes I’ve directly encountered to images imprinted on my retina through a screen. From there, I select, combine, deconstruct, and reconstruct visual materials as part of my process. I also reference works from other media—such as sculpture, photography, and video—adapting parts of their structure or sensibility into my own painterly language.

    Tomorrow no.10_To whom I’ll never know, 2025, Black ink and metallic tempera on handmade paper, 136 x 84 x 36 cm, © Moon Mean (2000px)

    What projects are you currently working on, and what can we expect from you in the future?

    I’m currently continuing my long-term series titled Tomorrow.

    In this body of work, I carve the support by hand and create a thick paper that retains the traces of hand, embodying the passage of time and physical gestures within the material itself. On these surfaces, I paint using a material I call “metallic tempera”—a mixture of metal powder, gouache pigments, and animal glue. Through this process, I aim to let the traces and temporality of oxidation naturally permeate the surface.

    During the painting process, I layer images captured from different sources and moments. In the final stage, I remove the internal support, leaving only a hollow shell. This emptied shell detaches from the wall and stands on its own—what I call a “standing shell”—marking the moment when a painting becomes a self-supporting structure in space.

    As the metallic tempera merges with the surface of the handmade paper, the work acquires contradictory qualities: it may appear like an ancient relic, both solid and fragile, thick yet thin. I’m drawn to this paradoxical point where materiality and processual temporality become entangled. 

    Although these works take the form of paintings, they carry the gestures of sculpture. There is no fixed point of view. Depending on where one stands, the image shifts, twists, or becomes partially obscured. The viewer therefore get to choose what to see and from where to see it. Within this imperfect act of viewing, I question the act of seeing itself—what and how to see. The Tomorrow series is a process of exploring how a subject perceives the world, and how I, as that subject, stand within its uncertain boundaries. At the same time, it is an ongoing experiment on how painting can exist within space. Through the form of “a painting that rests on the floor on its own,” I hope to allow viewers to move freely through the space, encounter the works at their own pace, and discover new meanings within them.

    Text & photo courtesy of Moon Mean

    Website: https://www.m00nmean.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/moon__mean/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Yaerin Pyun

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Yaerin Pyun

    Yaerin Pyun is a ceramic artist working between Seoul and London. Her education at the Royal College of Art (UK, 2023) expanded the scope of her creative inquiry, building on earlier studies in ceramics during her BFA at Seoul National University of Science and Technology (South Korea, 2019).

    In recent years, Pyun has been recognized with several international distinctions, including the Monica Biserni Prize at the 63rd Premio Faenza (Italy, 2025); finalist at the 6th Triennial of Kogei (Japan, 2025); finalist at the inaugural Seoul Yoolizzy Craft Award (South Korea, 2024).

    In 2025, Pyun presented my solo exhibition Poem for Ephemeral Moments in Hong Kong. She also participated in major international exhibitions such as Design Miami (US), the 6th Triennial of Kogei at the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art (Japan); Salon Art & Design (US) PAD London (UK); Fine Art Asia (Hong Kong); Design Miami<Illuminated: A Spotlight on Korean Design> (South Korea); the 63rd Premio Faenza (Italy); Taipei Dangdai Art & Ideas (Taiwan); and Landscape of Materials at Cromwell Place (UK).

    Between 2020 and 2024, she also exhibited in multiple countries, including China, South Korea, and the United Kingdom.

    Pyun’s works have been internationally collected, including by the International Museum of Ceramics (Italy), Charles Burnand Gallery (UK), and various private collectors.

    Poem for Ephemeral Moments 250310, 2025, Ceramic, 30 x 17 x 34 cm, © SOLUNA FINE CRAFT

     Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    I have been close to nature since childhood, and it has always been a fundamental source of interest and inspiration for me. My current practice began during the COVID-19 pandemic, when I often went to the mountains, looking for places away from people. The most memorable thing at the time was the moss growing on weathered stones. I used to think of tiny things like moss or flowers as fragile and fleeting, but in that space, I came to see their vitality, energy, and the beauty that exists only in that moment.

    Nature constantly changes, but instead of losing its meaning or value, it reminded me that the momentary existence itself is precious. I felt that this characteristic of nature resembles human life, and this realization became the starting point of my work.

    Poem for Ephemeral Moments 250621, 2025, Ceramics, 57 x 30 x 36 cm, © SOLUNA FINE CRAFT

    What are the main themes or concepts you explore in your work?

    I reinterpret familiar elements of nature through ceramics to make them unfamiliar. My work’s a process of questioning fixed perceptions and values attached to objects. I believe that by observing and contemplating even the most ordinary objects, one can connect with a universal sense of life. This perspective suggests that the essence of being lies not in appearance, but in the process through which emotions, memories, and thoughts accumulate and transform.

    In this sense, I regard ceramics as a medium that embodies the boundary between what disappears and what remains, through the unpredictable transformations and traces left in the firing process. I transform seemingly immutable, solid stone into a fragile form with a hollow. I also turn the fragility and transience symbolized by moss into something solid and enduring by coating it with slip and firing it.

    Through these transformations of materiality and symbolism, I explore the boundary where the value and meaning of objects shift and are reconfigured.

    Poem for Ephemeral Moments 250718, 2025, 57 x 30 x 36 cm, © SOLUNA FINE CRAFT

    What role do you believe art plays in social and cultural change?

    By translating the world into an artist’s visual language, I believe that art can challenge familiar perceptions and values, opening up new ways of thinking about society and culture.

    My work explores how materials from everyday life can be reinterpreted and given new meaning. When familiar materials or forms are transformed into something unfamiliar, they can be detached from their original context and become part of the viewer’s own experience.

    This shift in understanding can also extend to how we view society and culture. In this sense, art can serve as a starting point for social and cultural change by suggesting such possibilities for transformation.

    Poem for Ephemeral Moments 241213, 2024, Stoneware, porcelain, stains, rock components, glaze, 51 x 40 x 43 cm, © SOLUNA FINE CRAFT

    What challenges have you faced as an artist, and how have you overcome them?

    I think the real challenge for me is not about being an artist, but about how I manage the uncertainty I feel as a person. Because doubt and uncertainty are a natural part of my practice, I make an effort to engage with them in a constructive way. For example, I set regular hours for working each day and spend part of my time caring for various plants. These small daily routines, though seemingly trivial, play a crucial role in grounding and stabilizing me.

    Poem for Ephemeral Moments 2410121, 2024, Stoneware, porcelain, stains, rock components, glaze, 30 x 17 x 34 cm, © SOLUNA FINE CRAFT

    Do you collaborate with other artists or creators? If so, how has collaboration influenced your work?

    I haven’t collaborated with other artists or creators yet, but I’m always open to the possibility. I believe there is value in how different perspectives and approaches can come together to expand the scope of a practice.

    Poem for Ephemeral Moments 250803, 2025, Ceramics, 51 x 41 x 44 cm, © SOLUNA FINE CRAFT

    What projects are you currently working on, and what can we expect from you in the future?

    The title of my current project is “Poem for Ephemeral Moments”. It suggests a form of memorial intended to quietly observe, sense, and hold the memory of things that disappear or change. I collect elements from nature and transform them into ceramics. Through this process, I hope to encourage viewers to move beyond familiar ways of thinking and see the world from their own perspectives.

    Based on ongoing research into ceramic materials, I’m exploring how my work can better interact with exhibition spaces. I aim to expand the work into spatial scenes that invite viewers to pause and reflect in personal contemplation.

    Text & photo courtesy of Yaerin Pyun

    Website: https://www.yaerin.net/
    Instagram: http://instagram.com/yaerin.art/


  • Interview | Seoul and London-based Artist Sooin Huh

    Interview | Seoul and London-based Artist Sooin Huh

    Sooin Huh is an artist based in Seoul and London. She received her BA in Fine Art from Goldsmiths, University of London, and her MA in Sculpture from the Royal College of Art. She observes objects through their contexts, relationships, and the narratives accumulated within them. Each object exists where multiple layers of meaning such as social, cultural, and historical codes intersect. She focuses on how objects are rediscovered and interpreted through an archaeological lens, observing how they are continuously redefined and reinterpreted within relationships beyond a linear sense of time. Through this process, she aims to reveal how the classificatory and hierarchical systems we encounter in daily life are provisional and incomplete. In her work, the movements of objects that traverse the boundaries between center and periphery, visibility and invisibility reveal that they are entities negotiating and repositioning themselves within social networks of meaning. Through this process, she also reflects on her own mode of existence and articulates her position toward it.

    Her major exhibitions include the solo show Collected Connection (Keep in Touch, Seoul, KR, 2023) and group exhibitions Assemble/Fall (Somers Gallery, London, UK, 2025), Festus (Hangar Gallery, London, UK, 2024), and Flash of Light (Nonscaled, Seoul, KR, 2024). In 2025, she received the Gilbert Bayes Award from the Royal Society of Sculptors (UK) and the Chunman Art for Young Award presented by the Chunman Scholarship Foundation (KR).

    What I Saw While Wandering and Biting, 2025, Mixed media, variable dimensions

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    I have always been drawn to the physical presence of the objects that surround me in everyday life. I became fascinated by how these objects interact with one another and shape the environment around us. This curiosity gradually developed into an exploration of how objects respond to each other’s movements and form particular relational states. Through this process, I realized that every relationship is shaped through a sense of negotiation and adjustment, which became the starting point of my practice. Living in Seoul and London, two cities that are complex and organically intertwined, I became aware that the relationships between objects extend beyond their material dimension and are deeply connected to social realities. Within this environment, my desire to understand the world naturally evolved into my artistic practice and the visual language I use today.

    Flowing Ground, Traced Remnants, 2025, Mixed media, variable dimensions

    Are there any particular mediums you prefer working with? Why?

    I mainly work with found objects, which include everyday items familiar in our surroundings as well as architectural materials and other elements that construct the spaces we inhabit. I choose found objects for their anonymous quality, which allows me to reconsider how existing systems of authority operate. I also use architectural components to stage the theatrical process through which spatial orders are reorganized. Within this process, I focus on the temporary states that emerge when an object’s past time and context enter the present and its relationships become entangled. This state appears at the point where an object attempts to be rewritten within new relationships while simultaneously being held in place by the realities it already belongs to. The two opposing forces interrupt each other, and in this moment of suspension, the object resides in a time where expansion and stillness coexist. In this suspended equilibrium, objects remain unmoving yet continue to function as active entities. Through actions such as overlapping, tilting, imitation, and adaptation, I explore the relational nature of these materials and experiment with how they transition within the systems that shape our world.

    Collected Connection, 2023, Sound based installation, mixed media, variable dimensions

    What are the main themes or concepts you explore in your work?

    Exploring the transformation of objects is a way of examining the structure of relationships and, ultimately, observing how different entities perceive and adjust to one another. This relational tension naturally leads to the question of difference and coexistence. What my work ultimately seeks to address is the form of coexistence in which different beings can continue to exist while transforming one another. Although each object carries a distinct origin, these differences are reconfigured within the context of relationships. Through this process of transformation, the objects renew each other, and the meaning of coexistence is continuously redefined. Through my work, I aim to expand the sculptural conditions of coexistence as fluid and open-ended, searching for new languages of relation.

    Collected Connection, 2023, Sound based installation, mixed media, variable dimensions

    How do your personal experiences and identity influence your art?

    My personal experiences and identity are closely connected to the sense of existing as an individual within institutional structures. These experiences shape my perspective on how I interpret the world. Objects function as both a language that mediates between myself and the world, and as devices that reflect the identity of the individual formed within systems. The personal or speculative narratives that emerge in my work develop into hypothetical propositions that momentarily twist or reconstruct the order of given environments. Through this process, I explore points of rupture and possibility where change can occur even within fixed structures.

    Beyond a transverse axis, 2024, Mixed media, variable dimensions

    Can you describe a recent project or artwork that you are particularly proud of?

    In my recent work What I Saw While Wandering and Biting, I constructed a private space of an imaginary figure using objects layered with different temporal and cultural histories. This space functions as a point where emotional memory and otherness intersect, and as a self-portrait realized without a physical body. Old still-life paintings and anonymous landscapes blur the boundaries of authorship, history, and cultural authority, revealing a process in which meanings shift and are translated into new contexts. Through this, the work critically examines how structures of identity and value are formed and transformed within relationships where the boundaries between self and others become entangled.

    Archaeology of Three Moons, 2020, Mixed media, variable dimensions

    What role do you believe art plays in social and cultural change?

    The change that art generates ultimately lies in questioning what is accepted as reality. Art makes the familiar unfamiliar, prompting us to pause and reconsider the orders and structures we take for granted. This unfamiliarity is not merely a visual disruption but a moment of reflection that reconfigures the systems of language and perception through which the world is understood. I believe that art’s contribution to social change does not reside in directly overturning institutions or norms. Rather, it operates within existing systems, revealing the gaps and residues that those systems fail to perceive, and from there, it experiments with new possibilities of relation. Through this process, art reconstructs the very structures that sustain social reality. I believe that art serves as a field of thought that gently unsettles reality, and that change begins within those subtle disturbances.

    Text & photo courtesy of Sooin Huh

    Website: https://www.sooinhuh.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sooin_huh/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Bo Kim

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Bo Kim

    Bo Kim is a  Seoul-based painter shaped by both Korean and American cultures. She was trained in Painting at the Rhode Island School of Design, where she completed both her Bachelor of Fine Arts in 2017 and her Master of Arts in Teaching in 2018.

    Her work has been the focus of a series of solo exhibitions in Seoul, including “Lifelines, 생명선” (BHAK, 2025), “Impermanence” (BHAK, 2022), “아로새기다, When Light is Put Away” (BHAK, 2021), “Embracing the Moment” (Gallery Ilho, 2021), “HPIX x BO KYUNG KIM” (HPIX Dosan, 2020), “Surface of Calmness” (H Contemporary Gallery, 2020), and “Beauty of Imperfection” (Gallery DOS, 2020). 

    Her paintings have also been featured internationally in two-person and group exhibitions, from “Breath, Landscape” at Laheen Gallery in Seoul (2023) to presentations at Francis Gallery in Bath and Los Angeles, Bol Gallery in Singapore, Vortic Art online, Handful of Dust at Palmer Gallery and various institutions and galleries across Korea, the United States, and the United Kingdom, situating her work within a broader conversation on contemporary abstraction and sensorial experience.


    When memories softly tread on her heart, 2024, Hanji, sand, conte, acrylic on canvas, 180 x 180 cm

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    My mother has an artistic background, so art has been a natural part of my life since I was four years old. In middle school, I attended an international school where I developed a deeper appreciation for Western art history. Later, when I moved to the United States for college, Seoul became the place I longed for the most, a home I could return to only twice a year. That distance, along with seven years of living abroad, led me to question where home truly is. During that time, I became increasingly drawn to Korean traditional culture and Buddhism, which became the foundation of my thesis and continues to influence my work today.


    Impermanence 4, 2016, Plaster, oil paint on canvas, 122 x 183 cm

    How do you stay inspired and motivated to create new work?

    Nature is my main source of inspiration, but I am also drawn to quiet, fleeting moments that are easy to overlook. I keep an archive of photographs capturing small moments that might otherwise pass by unnoticed and where I can observe the passage of time, such as the glow of a sunset, the gradual shift of leaves changing color with the seasons, the way tree bark slowly cracks over time, and the way rain gathers in small puddles. I often read poems and collect favorite lines from song lyrics that stay with me. At the end of each day, I write a short diary to reflect on my emotions and memories. Words from those entries, as well as fragments from poems and songs, often turn into ideas for my paintings. These small, ordinary moments of observation and reflection are what keep me motivated to create.


    Threaded through the branches, 2025, Hanji, sand, conte, acrylic on canvas, 120 x 160 cm

    How has your artistic style evolved over time?

    In Impermanence, I began by exploring how time leaves traces on material. I applied plaster, sand, and paint over a layer of window screen placed on the canvas, allowing them to crack, erode, and fall apart over time. I was drawn to how those subtle changes could quietly reveal the beauty of things that do not last. It was about accepting impermanence not as a loss, but as something natural and inevitable, something that could exist within the work itself.

    With When Light Is Put Away, my focus moved inward. I started to express the passage of time through emotions rather than materials. The works came from small, private moments such as writing before sleep, photographing the sky, and capturing quiet feelings that fade as days go by. Using materials from nature such as hanji (Korean traditional paper made from the mulberry tree) and sand, I wanted to record those fragile states that cannot be held but still linger in memory.

    That reflection eventually led me to My Tree, which feels like the most personal extension of my earlier work. Watching my parents age made me think about time in a different way, not only what disappears, but what continues. I began to see trees and roots as forms of connection, symbols of love and endurance that run through generations. In these works, impermanence and continuity coexist, speaking about the warmth that remains even as everything changes.


    Still and always one, where warmth lingers, 2025, Hanji, sand, conte, acrylic on canvas, 5 x 2 m,

    How do your personal experiences and identity influence your art?

    I tend to speak and move slowly. Some friends who have watched me work say my gestures seemslow or even inefficient, but I think this temperament naturally shapes my art. It allows me to create pieces that are repetitive and deeply layered. One of my recent large-scale works, Still and Always One, Where Warmth Lingers (5 x 2m), was built through this process, layering paint, hanji, and sand repeatedly to form more than ten layers in total. I could have applied everything at once, but instead, I chose to build it gradually, observing each change as the layers accumulated. Perhaps this patience, or even stubbornness, is what gives the work its quiet strength.

    The same rhythm applies when I write about my work. I believe I live a mostly happy life, but there are moments of pain or reflection that come unexpectedly at night. Those moments often become the starting point for writing. It’s not easy to sit down and begin, but once I start working in that heightened emotional state, the most honest and expressive words seem to come naturally. While preparing for the My Tree series, there were moments when I thought of my parents and began to write a poem, and I felt tears welling up as I wrote. Those deeply emotional moments have had a strong influence on both my writing and my paintings.

    I often describe myself as both lazy and diligent. It sounds contradictory, but I think it captures me well. My actions are slow, but I devote immense time and care to each step, constantly creating and preparing for exhibitions. The satisfaction I feel when a show comes together is what keeps me going. After releasing that energy, I take time to rest, recover, and gather strength again before returning to the work.


    Yet warmth dwelt deep within her heart, 2024, Hanji, sand, conte, acrylic on canvas, 150 x 150 cm

    What projects are you currently working on, and what can we expect from you in the future?

    The recent series My Tree begins with the aging of my parents, the love within it, and the invisible flow of energy that connects generations. Layering paint and sand on hanji becomes a way to trace how memory seeps through time and how emotion gradually rises to the surface. Moving forward, I plan to explore the visual parallels between nature and the human body, and to weave painting and poetic language together to express emotion with greater depth.

    The direction of branches, the flow of the body, the veins of leaves, and the lines of aging skin all connect as one lifeline. Through the diffusion of color, the sediment of sand, and the creases of hanji, I seek to capture the organic rhythm of life and the quiet moment when nature and humanity become one.

    Text & photo courtesy of Bo Kim

    Website: https://bokim-art.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/_boque/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Ha Haengeun

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Ha Haengeun

    Ha Haengeun is a Seoul-based contemporary artist whose work explores the boundaries between the visible and the unseen. Through painting and ceramics, she investigates the essence of human existence, relationships, and the fundamental meaning of life. Her practice begins at the threshold where perception meets imagination—where emotion, memory, vitality, and the traces of time interlace to reveal the hidden rhythm of both the inner self and the cosmos.

    For more than fifteen years, Ha has developed a body of work centered on the human face as a site of psychological reflection. Half-closed eyes, translucent layers of color, and subtly flattened surfaces evoke the tension between inner and outer worlds, memory and reality. Since 2019, her parallel engagement with ceramics has deepened her exploration of human fragility—embracing cracks, breaks, and material imperfections as metaphors for resilience and the quiet persistence of life.

    In Ha‘s recent abstract paintings, her focus has shifted toward a more primordial realm—toward a “pre-form” state of perception. Imagining a fetal viewpoint, she visualizes sensations that precede shape or language, portraying the world as a vast, womb-like cosmos where everything is interconnected. This evolution is not a rupture but a continuous unfolding: a transition from the world that is seen to the world that is felt.

    At the core of Ha’s artistic philosophy lies the idea of connection—between past and present, self and world, life and death. For her, art is not a finished product but an ongoing process of reweaving meaning within uncertainty—a way of understanding and loving the world through creation.

    Ha has held more than twenty solo exhibitions and numerous group shows both in Korea and abroad. In her recent works, she continues to expand the language of painting, exploring new ways to embody time, memory, and the subtle sensibilities of human connection.

    My Table – Still Life, 2025, Acrylic on canvas, 60.6 x 60.6 cm

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    I spent my early childhood on a small island called Jindo in the southern part of Korea, where I lived until the age of seven. At that time, I felt I existed within nature, not apart from it. Behind my house was a mountain; my days were filled with running through fields and forests. When my family moved to Seoul, I could no longer play freely outdoors. Instead, I began to make and draw the things I longed for—and that became another kind of nature within me.

    A friend encouraged me to enter an art high school, and naturally I went on to art college. Yet even then, I never thought of becoming an “artist” in a professional sense. My real curiosity was about life itself—its beginnings and its ends, its suffering and beauty. I read Zhuangzi, Buddhist philosophy, Wittgenstein, Nietzsche, and Indian mysticism, seeking answers to the question: How should one live?

    Eventually, I realized there were no absolute answers—only personal stories told in different forms. I came to understand that art is one such form: a way of expressing one’s own questions through one’s chosen way of life.

    For me, living itself is a creative act. Observing the world carefully, choosing the values that make me want to live, and shaping a life around them—this is both an act of responsibility and of self-creation. Among all human pursuits, I believe art is the most beautiful form of such creation. That was how my artistic journey began, and it continues today as a visual exploration of questions that rise from within me: existence, relationship, and the meaning of life itself.

    My Table – Still Life, 2025, Acrylic on linen, 116.8 x 91 cm

    What are the main themes or concepts you explore in your work?
    My work begins with questions that emerge from human life—loss, pain, death, love, hope, and freedom.
    “Who am I?”
    “What is the meaning of life, knowing it will end?”
    “Why is the world so full of contradictions?”

    Human beings live in a world of dualities: memory and reality, inner and outer, love and hate. I try to look at that world and find an artistic language from within my own inner landscape.

    I love humanity deeply—and because of that, I often suffer. In one part of the world, people destroy each other, while elsewhere, others struggle to save a single life. My heart shifts between anger and compassion, hatred and forgiveness. How can such opposing feelings coexist within one human being?

    In my early twenties, I lost my sense of meaning, yet even in despair, I felt a strong will to live. It was as if the traces of love, courage, and hope from previous generations were being reborn within me.

    For me, art is an act of believing in connection and possibility.

    Creating means enduring uncertainty and ambiguity, yet choosing to keep weaving meaning—to reconnect what has been broken and to discover new possibilities. Art is not my way of escaping the world, but of understanding and loving it.

    Recently, I have returned to the origin of human existence through the series When I Was in My Mother’s Womb. It imagines a pre-linguistic space where emotions and memories begin—a primordial state where light and shadow first converse. I see this as a “cosmic womb,” a vast interconnected web in which all life continually emerges and disappears. Through painting, I explore that world— the origin of perception and the hidden truth beneath the visible

    When I Was in My Mother’s Womb, 2025, Acrylic on linen, 45.5 x 45.5 cm

    How has your artistic style evolved over time?

    The question that has guided me for years is: How can painting expand the boundaries of perception and reveal new ways of seeing the world?

    For more than fifteen years, I have focused primarily on figurative painting, using the human face as a symbolic surface to reflect universal emotions—identity, vulnerability, and the traces of relationships. During the years I spent mostly at home raising my children, I became deeply engaged with memory, reality, and the imagination, which naturally expanded my vision toward objects and landscapes.

    More recently, my focus has shifted toward a more primal state—the realm of sensation before form. This shift arose from a desire to return to the beginning, to imagine the world from a fetal perspective. My exploration of ceramics over the past seven years has deepened this transformation. Through clay’s cracks, textures, and colors, I experienced a world of abstract expression where lines, points, and planes flow like breath. I discovered that what is invisible—emotion, memory, vitality, and connection—often becomes clearer through abstraction.

    This change was not a rupture but a continuous evolution—a movement from the visible to the felt, from the surface of form to the depth of sensation.

    Inner Cosmos, 2025, Acrylic on linen, 70 cm Diameter

    What challenges have you faced as an artist, and how have you overcome them?

    I often face the truth that I don’t fully know who I am—or what the world is. That also means I don’t always know what I want to paint. But I’ve come to accept that not knowing is an essential part of being human. We cannot escape uncertainty; we can only learn to live with it.

    If we can love the world, we can begin to see it differently—to resist habitual ways of seeing. To love is to observe without judgment. And in doing so, we can reconnect things that seem separate, creating something that didn’t exist before.

    During my process, there are moments of small revelation—when I glimpse and understand a piece of my own inner self. Those moments make me feel alive. Paradoxically, the very uncertainty that challenges me also sustains me. My greatest struggle has been not to lose meaning in the midst of that uncertainty. Yet even in those moments, I search for faint glimmers of possibility. I don’t avoid failure, chance, or imperfection—I accept them. Through them, I continue to paint and shape forms, connecting broken threads again and again.

    In this process, I’ve come to realize that art is not a finished product, but a way of reweaving meaning—a way of being in the world.

    Inner Landscape, 2025, Acrylic on linen, 40.9 x 31.8 cm

    How do you balance artistic integrity with commercial considerations, if applicable?

    For me, artistic integrity means staying true to the questions that first led me to create—questions about life, death, and impermanence. Even when commercial factors enter the picture, I never allow them to dictate the direction of my work.

    Art, for me, is an act of listening—listening to the quiet voices that connect time, material, and the world around me. If my work reaches others and finds a place in the world, I see that as a form of dialogue. What matters most is to remain honest to that inner voice, even when faced with external expectations.

    Inner Landscape, 2025, Acrylic on linen, 40.9 x 31.8 cm

    Can you describe a recent project or artwork that you are particularly proud of?

    In my recent paintings, I explore art as a possibility for life itself. My desire to reach the unseen led me to imagine “the world before birth,” which evolved into the series When I Was in My Mother’s Womb.

    In my earlier figurative works, newborns often appeared as beings still connected to that unknown realm before birth. But as I began to embrace abstraction, I felt as if I had crossed into another dimension—a landscape of first perception, where all existence is connected.

    From that realization came the series Inner Cosmos. In When I Was in My Mother’s Womb, I imagined the light felt within the darkness of the womb. In Inner Cosmos, I layered the memory of light filtering through a door crack in a dark room—an image that mirrors the sense of safety and mystery I associate with the womb’s inner light.

    Through these abstract expressions, I feel I have come closer to articulating the “sensation of the unseen.” These series represent a continuous expansion of my inner world—a journey to understand how existence and the cosmos are intimately connected.

    Text & photo courtesy of Ha Haengeun

    Website: http://hahaengeun.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hahaengeun/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Jeongeun Han

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Jeongeun Han

    Jeongeun Han, born and currently based in Seoul, graduated with a BFA in Painting from Sejong University and received her MFA in Korean Painting from the same institution. Han captures the emotional resonances and residue arising from the disappearance and loss of existence, explores their meaning, and expresses them in her own unique painterly language. Han’s paintings press onward to embrace the sublimity found in the fleeting moment, an approach aligned with the effort to capture presence and absence as we perceive them within a finite world, together with the compulsion that flows in between them. Rather than pursuing eternal forms, her work seeks new meaning within the vestiges of disappearance and loss.

    I Love You to the Point of Pain, 2025, Pigment, acrylic and airbrush on Jangji, 100 x 72.7 cm

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    I was born in Seoul, where I had easy access to a variety of arts education. Thanks to this environment, I actively engaged with fields like dance, music, and fine arts from an early age. Naturally, I became interested in exploring various ways to express my thoughts, and among them, visual art brought me a special kind of joy.

    The process of handling different colors and translating what I observed and felt into a visual form through my fingertips felt incredibly fascinating. Drawing quickly became a natural ‘habit of enjoyment’ for me during my elementary school years, and I’ve continued my artistic practice within that flow ever since.

    I started formal, competitive art training when preparing for university. Although it was a high-pressure environment, it actually sparked my competitive spirit and desire for achievement, allowing me to stay happily engaged. However, I faced several setbacks and failures during the university entrance process, and that period became a major turning point for me.

    Through those failures, I deeply realized the value of effort and the meaning of earnest dedication. My attitude toward the work I truly desired changed fundamentally.

    Since then, my practice has become more than just a means of expression; it’s become a method of understanding myself and navigating life. The process of searching for answers to my complex thoughts and self-imposed questions became my ‘work,’ and my current artistic practice is a direct continuation of that life journey.

    True Vanishing Is Found in the Longing to Begin Anew, 2025, Acrylic, airbrush and oil on canvas, 90.9 x 72.7 cm

    What are the main themes or concepts you explore in your work?

    I explore the value inherent in loss and dissolution. My focus is less on “disappearance” itself, and more on the sensations that linger in its aftermath. Essentially, I investigate the persistent sense of presence that endures in a state of absence—the finitude and circulation of existence, the traces of time, the emotional afterglow, and the aesthetics of non-presence.

    The element of light in my work functions beyond a simple visual effect; it acts as a sensory trace, tracing the spaces where being and emotion once resided. The fine layers, accumulated using an airbrush, simultaneously reveal the fragile texture of fleeting emotions and capture my will to hold onto those transient moments. The resulting surface gently hosts the time and sentiment that, while unseen, are undeniably present.

    This painterly approach stems from a deliberate stance: in a contemporary visual culture characterized by indiscriminate and rapid consumption, I choose to focus my gaze on what is slowly fading away. For me, art practice is not merely superficial representation, but a form of meditative practice—a way to venerate existence itself, embrace the process of dissolution, and savor its lingering resonance.

    My current painting aims toward embracing the sublime found in the momentary and the ephemeral. This endeavor aligns with the attempt to capture the dynamic flow (or affect) between presence and absence that we sense in our finite world. In this way, my recent works embody my commitment to seeking new meaning within the traces of disappearance and loss, rather than pursuing eternal form.

    The Light That Fell Quietly, 2025, Pigment, acrylic, and airbrush on Jangji, 91 x 116.8 cm

    What challenges have you faced as an artist, and how have you overcome them?

    The biggest challenge I face as an artist is the tendency for many people to view emotions like ‘grief’ or ‘loss’ purely negatively, and to try to avoid those feelings altogether. Because of this, my work is often initially read as simply an expression of sadness.

    I totally understand where they are coming from. For a long time, I also treated these feelings as just sadness, and I stayed stuck in that emotional space.

    However, what I truly want to address in my work is not the sadness itself, but the afterglow of that emotion—the residue and the transformative process that remains after the initial feeling subsides. My persistent challenge has always been figuring out how to convincingly visualize the subtle nuances and texture of this emotional shift.

    To overcome this, I’ve dedicated myself to exploring and deepening my understanding of the structure of painting, material properties, and the relationship with light. To genuinely connect with the audience, I also make an effort to listen to others’ experiences and reflect more deeply on social issues and individual lives.

    Additionally, I put a lot of effort into titling my work. I want the titles to evoke a sense of the lost romanticism of our time and convey a gradual, forward movement.

    While it’s difficult to say I have completely overcome this challenge, I feel these ongoing processes are gradually solidifying my practice and making the work stronger, allowing me to move forward.

    Air and Eidolon, 2025, Acrylic, airbrush and oil on canvas, 45.5 x 45.5 cm

    In what ways do you think the art world has changed since you started your career?

    It hasn’t been long since I began my career as an artist, so it feels a bit cautious to speak definitively about how the art world has changed. However, before I started working as an artist, I didn’t realize how vast and intricately connected the art market is. Through actively participating and learning within it, I’ve come to recognize how much I myself have changed in the process. I also feel that trends and visual languages within the art scene shift very rapidly nowadays. In the midst of these fast changes, I believe it’s becoming increasingly important for artists to maintain their own direction and develop an authentic voice.

    The Night Was Endured in Stillness and the Morning Came, Slow and Uncertain, 2025, Acrylic, airbrush and oil on canvas, 162.2 x 130.3 cm

    How do you approach exhibiting your work? What are your goals when showing your art in public spaces?

    I truly see exhibiting a piece as establishing a dynamic dialogue with the physical space itself. Every location—whether it’s a formal gallery or an open public area—has its own unique atmosphere, its own internal “temperature,” and I spend a lot of time analyzing that in the planning stages. I believe that when the space and the artwork interact, both physically and non-physically, they generate a completely new conversation or discourse.

    My installation experiments are always focused on tearing down that ‘invisible barrier’ between the audience and the work. For example, when I install pieces so they stand freely or hang from the ceiling, allowing them to gently brush against the air, it’s not just a design choice. It’s about encouraging viewers to step closer, moving beyond distant observation and into the physical realm of the work. Since the thin layers in my pieces are so crucial, I want them to really observe that subtle density. When that boundary is broken, I think it creates a space where visitors naturally stay longer and build a more meaningful, contemplative relationship with the piece.

    Ultimately, my main goal for showing work in a public space is to offer the audience a ‘portal’ where their everyday reality and artistic sensibilities cross over. When people step through this portal, I hope the intersection of their real-life sensations and the new perceptions offered by the artwork helps them notice and examine those subtle emotions they might usually overlook. Creating that moment of deep empathy and self-reflective contemplation—that is the fundamental reason why I want to share my work and unlock its potential for a wider audience.

    Guardian of the Void, Acrylic, airbrush and oil on canvas, 160 x 45,4 cm

    How do your personal experiences and identity influence your art?

    My work always begins with my own personal experiences. The significant events I’ve been through naturally became crucial turning points, shaping the direction of my art and establishing my unique perspective on the themes of loss and disappearance.

    Soon it will explode in a terrible blast, Pigment, acrylic, air brush on Korean paper, 70 x 136 cm (x3)

    Text & photo courtesy of Jeongeun Han

    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hahnjungoon/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Yeonsu Ju

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Yeonsu Ju

    Yeonsu Ju is a Korean painter based between Europe and Seoul. She has BA in sociology and painting (First Class), MFA in Painting (Distinction). Her work explores memory, presence, and absence through restrained forms, line, and color, often incorporating materials such as Hanji to add texture and depth. Ju has held solo exhibitions in London, Paris, and Singapore and participated in group shows internationally, including in Madrid, Beijing, Los Angeles, and Turin. Her work is included in private collections worldwide, and she has been recognized with awards such as the Cass Art Prize (2023) and the Window Project (2022).

    Belling, 2025, Oil on linen, 90 x 120 cm

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    I studied sociology in Seoul before moving to Glasgow and London to study painting. My path to art wasn’t linear—it began almost by coincidence during an exchange semester in Milan. At the time, I was still focused on sociology and had never considered painting as more than an interest. While there, I met the artist Eemyun Kang and began learning from her. One day she told me, “I hope you continue painting ( after you go back to Korea ) .” It was a simple remark, but it stayed with me. It felt like a quiet recognition of something I hadn’t yet realized about myself.

    Since then, painting has become the way I make sense of things—an image of myself that feels both natural and necessary. I’ve followed it since, not out of certainty but from a kind of conviction that this is where I’m meant to stay.

    Rise, 2025, Oil on linen, 120 x 90 cm

    How has your artistic style evolved over time?

    In the beginning, I was drawn to gesture and immediacy—painting felt like a way to release something internal, almost impulsively. Over time, that energy has become more contained, more deliberate. I’ve grown interested in how restraint can hold emotion just as powerfully as expression can.

    Form, line, and color have become the main structure of my work. I used to think of painting as a kind of catharsis, but now I see it more as a process of refinement—paring down, removing noise, and letting the essential remain. The work has become quieter, but also more precise, more aware of the tension between beauty and unease.

    Stem, 2025, Oil on linen, 80 x 90 cm

    How do you stay inspired and motivated to create new work?

    I just wait until a certain image comes to me. It’s not something I try to force or plan. The image often appears unexpectedly—sometimes from a fleeting memory, a color, or a physical sensation—and once it arrives, it stays with me until I start painting.

    What is your creative process like? Do you follow a routine or work spontaneously?

    It’s a mix of both. I have little rituals—like smoking before I begin—that feel almost compulsive, a way of marking the start of the process. I don’t follow a strict routine, but I do have a rhythm in the studio. Most of the time, I wait until a certain image or atmosphere becomes clear in my mind. Once it appears, I work instinctively, almost as if I’m trying to catch it before it disappears.

    V -> A ; Cobalt blue, 2024, Oil on linen, 140 x 170 cm

    What role do you believe art plays in social and cultural change?

    Art’s most important role is to make people see things differently. It challenges habitual ways of looking, thinking, and feeling, creating a space where perspectives can shift. That shift is the starting point for any real understanding or change—subtle, persistent, and often transformative.

    Art doesn’t need to instruct or solve problems; its strength lies in opening perception and attention, allowing new ideas and possibilities to emerge. In that sense, art doesn’t just reflect society—it quietly reshapes it.

    V -> A ; Turkish blue, 2024, Oil on linen, 130 x 160 cm

    What projects are you currently working on, and what can we expect from you in the future?

    I’m currently preparing for my solo exhibition at The Third in Seoul. Following that, I have a residency in Los Angeles scheduled for March 2026 and a solo exhibition in Paris later that year.

    Through these projects, I aim to continue exploring memory, presence, and absence in my work, using subtle gestures, restrained forms, and materials like Hanji (traditional Korean paper) to create paintings that hold tension and ambiguity. My focus is on making work that feels alive and necessary—asking questions, opening perception, and evolving with each new exploration.

    Text & photo courtesy of Yeonsu Ju

    Website: https://yeonsuju.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/yeonsuju/


  • Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Ayana Hanbich Lee

    Interview | Seoul-Based Artist Ayana Hanbich Lee

    Ayana Hanbich Lee is a contemporary abstract painter whose practice investigates the non-linear structure of time through the material behaviors of paper, wood, paint and other chemical. Having lived and created artworks between South Korea and the United States. Her work reached a wider public when several of her paintings were featured in a Netflix-broadcast Korean drama, Moon in the Day.

    Effacement, the core of Lee’s practice lies the understanding that time does not unfold as a straight line. This extraordinary method is paradoxical to the traditional purpose of painting. It reincarnates stratified layers, revealing twisted, intertwined temporal strata as time-bearing forms. It redefines temporality through the sequential removal of layered paper and pigment, incorporating etching and chemical processes. Recognized for its “dimensional collision”, the structural juxtaposition of past and present.

    Shine-dow, 2023, Acrylic on canvas, 53 x 73 cm

    Can you tell us about your background and how you started your artistic journey?

    I was born in Seoul, and moved to the States in 2008, and moved back and forth between the two countries due to education. I can say I was continuously exposed to seeing everything as new, old things as new again; things I already knew as things I needed to sense again. This repetitive re-encounter shaped my early sensitivity toward perception: the way the outside world enters the inner-self, and how that inner realm responds.

    Fine Arts in general was my desire from an early age. I was recognized in school-wide, statewide, and later international competitions, and eventually admitted to The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, my long-desired institution. Although I can say I’ve lived in the realm of Art, the genuine journey began not through awards or education, the genuine artist journey started when I stated myself as it. which is not too long ago.

    Ren Ron, 2023, Acrylic on canvas, 73 x 100 cm

    What are the main themes or concepts you explore in your work?

    My early work centered on the interior self in emotions, memory, and the fragile contour of presence. Over time this expanded outward into the surroundings of my days, and eventually into “presency,” the encapsulation of moments. Ephemerality became not a subject but a medium of intimacy.

    Shifts between two cultures, languages, and my inborn characteristics highlighted my interest in the concept of perception; the ways of processing information, and “logic” how it is culturally promised; just the general ideology of how we communicate. My theme is not inspired by culture A nor culture B , but rather the transition between A and B, then B to A, and in-between zone. It had functioned as a gear to spark my curiosity, like the hidden rule beneath communication itself.

    These parts gradually became two branches, temporality and perception. Over time, they merged into a more coherent methodology. My Sequence Paintings (Making-Film), contain presence arranged in order, seeking to be communicated as a dialogue.

    The Sequence Painting layered by overpainting, and my Effacement technique, which paradoxically removes to reveal, serve to highlight the intertwined or twisted layers as time containing elements, a three-dimensional collision. Depending on how the viewer reads them, the order can follow the logic of creation or twist into new perceptual sequences. There is a chronological order, but the viewer also can choose alternative pathways.

    Effacement became a pivotal breakthrough in my practice. Rather than adding more paint to affirm presence, I began removing material to re-awaken previous events embedded within the work. This act of erasure is not destruction but revelation; to efface is to excavate. It allows the hidden past to speak again, not as nostalgia, but as a renewed temporal consciousness.

    Conventional painting often prioritizes covering, sealing, or finalizing a surface. But I found that full coverage erases the history of the work, burying the very time that gives it meaning. My approach therefore shifted toward a leaner methodology, so that earlier layers remain perceptible. Each visible trace becomes an ethical choice: how much of the past must remain in order for the present to be understood?

    In recent years, several professional artists, graduate-level art students, and material researchers have reached out and visited my studio to learn aspects of the Effacement technique. I have also begun offering small workshop sessions to demonstrate its process in person. These visits often evolve into in-depth discussions about layered temporality, the ethics of erasure, and structural approaches to non-linear time in painting. It has been meaningful to see the methodology extend beyond my own practice and participate in broader conversations within contemporary abstraction and material-based research.

    The first mark may reappear only at the final moment of viewing, like discovering the first alphabet at the end of a sentence. By resisting total coverage and painting in a deliberately lean way, I preserve the chronology of creation. What seems to be the present is always intertwined with what came before, forming a temporal loop in which past and future continually reawaken one another.

    OOlda-5, 2022, Paper collage, water color and acrylic, etched wood canvas, 45 x 53 cm

    What is your creative process like? Do you follow a routine or work spontaneously?

    I believe all things are about balance in nature of the universe, all in the conversation about balance, whether the “transitioning” from in-balance to balance or maintaining certain ratio of balance, negotiating imbalance, which all can create certain energy, and that is where I get so and so called inspiration.

    My process involves cultivating quietness through sketching and prayer, which creates a calm, pond-like wavelength. And sometimes the energy burst out-from-my intention, I call it a “whoosh”, when it hits, I surrender to it completely and let it do its job until it dries out. Art is so blunt in this way that audience often sense it with me. I value routine, but I also respect spontaneity. Together, they form the ecology in which my work is created.

    Dai Shii, 2024, Acrylic on canvas, 50 x 60 cm

    How has your artistic style evolved over time?

    A recent shift occurred when I transitioned from New York to Seoul. Completing my BFA at Cooper Union strengthened my theoretical grounding. After that my individual practice moved to pure application of the painting in Art. The painting’s methodology, materiality became a part of a structured engagement with time, sequence, and erasure.

    Visual art is often consumed in a single instant, while books, theatre, and cinema are experienced linearly. My practice breaks this ‘one-second consumption’ inherent to painting by integrating cinematic temporality, sequential imagery, and filmic sensibility. In this way, the painting becomes quasi-cinematic, time-based, durational, and unfolding.

    This direction shaped by an interest in philosophical order, structural power, and the logic of the universe. The core of my practice is no longer purely introspective; it has expanded from a microscopic inner voice to a macro-structural frame that examines systems, perception, temporality, and cognition. Again, My interest is in how origin and conclusion can collapse into one another.

    Wilti Walu, 2024, Acrylic on canvas, 61 x 73 cm

    How do you approach exhibiting your work? What are your goals when showing your art in public spaces?

    I was initially hesitant to exhibit my artworks publicly, but that changed when several of my paintings were featured in the Korean drama ‘Moon in the Day’, now available on Netflix. More than ten of my artworks were broadcast, generating unexpected engagement with diverse audiences and extending my practice beyond traditional art spaces. The series achieved international top-8 rankings, showing me the unique capacity of media to circulate art through new channels.

    Since then, I have embraced interdisciplinary collaborations, film, media, design, and other cultural interfaces that allow painting to migrate into expanded contexts.

    BB2-9, 2022, Acrylic on wood canvas, 45 x 45 cm

    What role do you believe art plays in social and cultural change?

    I believe Art is everywhere. One blink of an eye will show you tons of Art. Or even eye-closed can be seen once knowing the spectrum of Art. Once someone learns to perceive art, it will be hard to be unseen again.

    Art can hold voice, spirit and time. It holds the period we might forget and preserves the consciousness of a moment. Art influenced in all academia and has historical consciousness. It makes us to acknowledge where we stand, who we are, and what chronology of past moments constructed our present. These questions form a pattern that allows us to perceive what is yet to come.The appreciation of Art should not only come from emotional resonance; it should also invite intellectual engagement. Art challenges us to think, perceive, and re-experience the world.

    Text & photo courtesy of Ayana Hanbich Lee

    Website: https://www.ayanalee.com/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ayanalee.art/